Tshiab Caledonia Steel Structure Hangar Engineering Analysis
Zuag qhia tag nrho ntev: 25 m Ib qho - ncua: 26.75 m Qhov siab ntawm sab kab: 9 m Pem hauv ntej / nram qab lateral kem ntsiab: - Ntug (sab) kab: H750 × 250 × 6 × 10 mm (qhov siab 9 m) - Cua / tiv thaiv {{11} 4 × 0 × 2mm cua: - Roof girders/beams: ob-piece segmentation - Ntu 1: H750 × 500 × 6 × 10 - Ntu 2: H500 × 250 × 6 × 10
Khoom Taw qhia
Tshiab Caledonia Steel Structure Hangar Engineering Analysis
PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS
|
Parameter |
Tus nqi |
|
Zuag qhia tag nrho ntev |
25.0 m |
|
Ib qhov dav dav |
26.75 m |
|
Eave Height |
9.0 m |
|
Mezzanine Dimensions |
3.0m × 25.0m (3-zaj dab neeg) |
|
Kem Spacing |
6.0m ua |
|
Qhov System |
Portal ncej nrog mezzanine |
1. KEV TIV THAIV KEV RUAJ NTSEG
1.1 Vertical Load Analysis
1.1.1 Dead Load suav suav
Tus kheej -Qhov hnyav ntawm Cov Tswv Cuab Cov Qauv:
Main ncej steel hnyav: xam nyob rau hauv Tshooj 2
Ntxiv cov khoom seem tuag: 0.15 kN / m²
Roofing System:
Hlau ru tsev ntawv + rwb thaiv tsev: 0.25 kN / m²
Ru tsev purlins thiab girts: 0.15 kN / m²
Tag nrho cov vov tsev tuag load:0.40 kN/m²
Phab ntsa Cladding System:
Hlau phab ntsa panels + rwb thaiv tsev: 0.20 kN / m²
Cov phab ntsa: 0.10 kN / m²
Tag nrho cov phab ntsa cladding tuag load:0.30 kN/m²
Mezzanine Tuag Load:
Pem teb slab (120mm): 3.0 kN / m²
Pem teb tiav: 0.5 kN / m²
Qab nthab + MEP: 0.5 kN / m²
Tag nrho mezzanine tuag load:4.0 kN/m²
1.1.2 Live Load Specifications
Roof Live Load (ib AS / NZS 1170.1):
Kev siv lub ru tsev: 0.50 kN / m²
Daus load (New Caledonia): Tsis siv tau (kev nyab xeeb huab cua sov)
Tsim ru tsev nyob load:0.50 kN/m²
Mezzanine Live Load:
General chaw ua hauj lwm/warehouse nyob: 3.5 kN/m²
Tsim mezzanine nyob load:3.5 kN/m²
1.2 Cua Load Analysis (New Caledonia Cyclonic Conditions)
1.2.1 Tsim Cua Parameters
Reference Standard:AS/NZS 1170.2: 2021 (Cyclonic Region C)
New Caledonia raug cais raws liCyclonic Region
Tsim cua ceev (V₅₀₀):55 m/s(qhov kawg, 500-xyoo rov qab lub sijhawm)
Serviceability cua ceev (V₂₅):36 m/s
Cua Siab Calculation:
Qhov twg:
Vₛᵢₜₑ = 55 × Mₛ × Mₜ × M_d = 55 × 1.0 × 1.0 × 1.05 = 57.75 m/s
Tsim cua siab: q=0.6 × 57.75² =2,001 Pa=2.00 kN/m²
1.2.2 Cua Force Distribution
External Pressure Coefficients (Cₚₑ):
Phab ntsa cua ntsawj ntshab: +0.8
Cov phab ntsa: -0.5
Sab phab ntsa: -0.7
Ru tsev (cua cua): -0.9 txog -1.3 (suction tseem ceeb)
Ru tsev (leeward): -0.6
Internal Pressure Coefficients (Cₚᵢ):
Ib feem ntawm lub tsev: ± 0.2
Dominant qhib qhov xwm txheej xav tau rau cov xwm txheej cyclonic
1.2.3 Cyclonic Design Considerations
Cua Directionality:Tag nrho 4 cov lus qhia cardinal tsom xam
Gust Effect Factor:G=0.85 (cov cheeb tsam cyclonic tshwj xeeb)
Qhov siab Factor:k_z=1.08 at 9m elevation
Topography Factor:k_zt=1.0 (xav tias tiaj tiaj)
1.3 Seismic Load Analysis
1.3.1 Seismic Zone Parameters (New Caledonia)
Siv:Eurocode 8 + Fab Kis teb chaws txawv teb chaws
Seismic Zone:Nruab nrab mus rau siab(kev cuam tshuam los ntawm Vanuatu subduction cheeb tsam)
Tsim Peak Av Acceleration (PGA):0.15g(10% qhov tshwm sim hauv 50 xyoo)
Av Chav Kawm: C (nruab nrab ntom av)
Yam tseem ceeb: I=1.2 (industrial facility)
1.3.2 Seismic Response Parameters
Teb Hloov Qhov Tseem Ceeb: R=4.0 (steel moment frame)
Lub sijhawm vibration: T ≈ 0.65 vib nas this
Spectral acceleration: S_a(T)=0.22g
Tsim lub hauv paus shear coefficient: C_s=0.066
1.3.3 Seismic Force Distribution
Qhov twg W=tag nrho seismic hnyav ≈ 1,850 kN
Tsim lub hauv paus shear: V ≈122kn ua
Kev faib tawm quab yuam ua raws cov qauv duab peb sab inverted
Torsional cuam tshuam rau kev teeb tsa tsis raug
1.4 Kev ntsuam xyuas tus qauv tsim nyog
1.4.1 Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Kev Nyuaj Siab Cov Tswv Cuab
Sab Sab (H750 × 250 × 6 × 10):
Axial compression + biaxial dabtsi yog khoov
Maximum ua ke kev nyuaj siab piv:0.78(hauv qab lub ntiajteb txawj nqus + cua)
Kev faib tawm ntu: Chav Kawm 1 (yas)
Lateral torsional buckling check: Txaus siab rau bracing ntawm 3.0m ib ntus
Roof Beams (H750-500 × 250 × 6 × 10 tapered):
Lub sijhawm khoov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub hau hau: 385 kN·m
Kev siv dag zog khoov:0.72
Shear stress: 42 MPa (zoo hauv qab 125 MPa txwv)
Deflection: L / 320 < L / 240 txwv (siv)
Cua Kem (H450 × 250 × 6 × 10):
Feem ntau nqa lateral cua loads
Qhov siab tshaj plaws deflection: 22mm Kev ntxhov siab piv:0.65 Mezzanine Cov tswv cuab: Kem (H300 × 200 × 6 × 8): Kev ntxhov siab piv=0.68 Beams (H300 × 150 × 6 × 8): Deflection=L / 310 < L / 250 (tau txaus) 1.4.2 Kev ntsuam xyuas kev ruaj ntseg Zuag qhia tag nrho Structural Stability: P-Δ Effects:Thib ob -kev txiav txim los txiav txim siab, ua kom muaj zog ntxiv=1.08 Sway Check:Inter- dab neeg drift=H/380 < H/200 (txaus siab) Kev sib txuas hauv paus:Moment- tawm tsam kev sib txuas tsim los kom muaj peev xwm puv Bracing System:Pom zoo longitudinal bracing ntawm txhua qhov kawg bay 1.4.3 Deflection Checks Summary Hom tswv cuab Tso cai Muab xam xwm txheej Ru tsev Beam (L/240) 1 11mm 84mm ib ✓ PASS Sab Sab (H/200) 45mm ib 24mm ib ✓ PASS Mezzanine Beam (L / 250) 24mm ib 19mm ib ✓ PASS Cua Kem (H/200) 45mm ib 22 hli ✓ PASS Standard Formula: Tshooj Specification H (mm) B (mm) t_w (mm) t_f (mm) Qhov hnyav (kg / m) H750×250×6×10 750 250 6 10 155.43 H450×250×6×10 450 250 6 10 124.03 H750-500 × 250 × 6 × 10 (avg) 625 250 6 10 139.73 H500×250×6×10 500 250 6 10 131.88 H300×200×6×8 300 200 6 8 66.02 H300×150×6×8 300 150 6 8 59.79 2.2.1 Main Ncej kab Sab Sab - H750 × 250 × 6 × 10: Number of bays: 25m / 6m=5 bays (6 kab kab) Kab ib kab: 2 kab (ib leeg ib sab) Cov kab sib koom nrog mezzanine: 6 kab (ib sab) Tag nrho sab kab: 6 + 6 =12 kab Qhov siab: 9.0 m Tag nrho qhov ntev: 12 × 9.0 =108.0 m Qhov hnyav: 108.0 × 155.43 =16, 786 Kg Cua Kem - H450 × 250 × 6 × 10: Qhov chaw: Gable xaus Ntim: 2 gables × 2 kab =4 kab Qhov siab: 9.0 m Tag nrho qhov ntev: 4 × 9.0 =36.0 m Qhov hnyav: 36.0 × 124.03 =4, 465kg 2.2.2 Cov kab hluav taws xob Tapered Roof Beams - H750-500 × 250 × 6 × 10: Ntim: 6 thav duab × 1 nqaj =6 beam Length per beam (haunch ntu): 13.375 m Tag nrho qhov ntev: 6 × 13.375 =80.25 m Qhov hnyav: 80.25 × 139.73 =11, 213 Kg Prismatic Roof Beams - H500 × 250 × 6 × 10: Ntim: 6 thav duab × 1 nqaj =6 beam Ntev ib kab: 13.375 m Tag nrho qhov ntev: 6 × 13.375 =80.25 m Qhov hnyav: 80.25 × 131.88 =10, 583 Kg 2.2.3 Mezzanine Structure (3-zaj dab neeg, 3m × 25m) Mezzanine Kab - H300 × 200 × 6 × 8: Luas alas: 6m × 3m Kab kab: 5 nruab nrab + 2 xaus=7 kab Kab ib kab: 1 kab (ywj siab) Dab neeg: 3 theem Tag nrho cov kab: 7 × 3 =21 kab Qhov siab: 3.0 m Tag nrho qhov ntev: 21 × 3.0 =63.0 m Qhov hnyav: 63.0 × 66.02 =4 ,159kg Mezzanine Beams - H300 × 150 × 6 × 8: Primary beams ( ncua 3m): 7 kab × 3 dab neeg=21 kab teeb Length ib kab: 3.0m Secondary kab teeb (ntev 6m): 4 kab × 3 dab neeg=12 kab teeb Length rau kab: 6.0 m Tag nrho thawj qhov ntev: 21 × 3.0=63.0 m Tag nrho qhov nruab nrab ntev: 12 × 6.0=72.0 m Tag nrho cov kab ntev:135.0 m Qhov hnyav: 135.0 × 59.79 =8 ,072kg Pawg tswv cuab Tshooj Ntau Chav tsev Wt (kg / m) Tag nrho Length (m) Qhov hnyav (kg) Qhov hnyav (tons) Sab Sab H750×250×6×10 12 155.43 108.0 16,786 16.79 Cua Kum H450×250×6×10 4 124.03 36.0 4,465 4.47 Tapered Roof Beams H750-500×250×6×10 6 139.73 80.25 11,213 11.21 Prismatic Roof Beams H500×250×6×10 6 131.88 80.25 10,583 10.58 Mezzanine Kab H300×200×6×8 21 66.02 63.0 4,159 4.16 Mezzanine Beams H300×150×6×8 33 59.79 135.0 8,072 8.07 SUBTOTAL - Main Ncej 55,278 55.28 Nyiaj pab (kev sib txuas, Base phaj) 10% +5,528 +5.53 TAG NRHO STEEL CONSUMPTION 60,806 60.81 METRIC TONS Unit Consumption Rate: Luas=25 m x 26.75 m=668.75 m² Steel noj tus nqi:90.9 kg/m²(tsuas yog lub ntsiab ncej) Xws li thaj chaw mezzanine:76.4 kg/m²(tag nrho pem teb cheeb tsam) 3.1.1 Cua Load Sib Piv Philippine Code:NWS 2015 Tsim cua ceev (Typhoon Zone):50 m/s(100 xyoo rov qab) Cua siab: q=0.6 × 50²=1.50 kN/m² Kev sib piv:Tshiab Caledonia tsim (2.00 kN / m²) yog33% siab dua Cua Txiav Txim:Tam sim no tus qauv tsim cua muaj peev xwm txaus 3.1.2 Kev sib piv Seismic Philippines Seismic Zone: PGA ntau: 0.20g - 0.40g (feem ntau thaj tsam) Seismic Zone 4 (siab tshaj): 0.40g Kev hloov kho teb: R=3.5 (steel ncej) Kev sib piv:Tam sim no PGA (0.15g) qis dua Kev txiav txim Seismic:YUAV TSUM TAU TXAIS - puag shear tsis txaus rau thaj chaw siab seismic 3.1.3 Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Kev Nyab Xeeb & Corrosion Typhoon raug:Extreme, Qeb 5 super typhoons ntau Corrosion ib puag ncig:High humidity, ntug hiav txwv ntsev tsuag Qhov kub thiab txias:25-35 degree, tsis muaj daus Kev pheej hmoo ntxiv:Dej nyab hauv qis- thaj chaw pw 3.1.4 Kev ntsuam xyuas zaum kawg Muaj peev xwm tsim tsis sib haum: Seismic puag shear peev xwm tsis txaus rau Zone 4 cheeb tsam Kev sib txuas lus nthuav dav yuav xav tau kev txhim kho rau ductility Corrosion tiv thaiv system upgrade yuav tsum tau Kev txiav txim zaum kawg: YUAV TSUM kho Cua muaj peev xwm: ✓ Txaus Seismic: ✗ Yuav tsum tau hloov kho ntu cov tswv cuab Kev pom zoo: Ua kom cov kab ke / kab teeb tsa los ntawm 15-20% rau thaj chaw siab seismic 3.2.1 Cua Load Sib Piv Indonesian Code:SIB 1727:2020 Basic cua ceev:39 m/s(feem ntau thaj tsam) Cua siab: q=0.6 × 39²=0.91 kN/m² Kev sib piv:Tam sim no tsim yog120% siab dua Cua Txiav Txim:Tam sim no tus qauv tsim cua muaj peev xwm ntau tshaj qhov txaus 3.2.2 Kev sib piv Seismic Indonesian Seismic Code:SIB 1726:2019 Seismic Zones: 1-6 (Zone 6=siab tshaj) PGA ntau: 0.10g - 0.40g Sumatra/Java: 0.20g - 0.35g Kev sib piv:Tam sim no PGA (0.15g) qis dua cov nroog loj Kev txiav txim Seismic:YUAV TSUM PAUB TIAS HAIV NEEG 4-6 3.2.3 Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Kev Nyab Xeeb & Corrosion tropical kev nyab xeeb:High humidity, dej nag hnyav Seismic kev ua ub no:Siab heev (Ring of Fire) Corrosion:Cov ntug hiav txwv dej xav tau kev tiv thaiv zoo dua Snow load:Tsis siv tau Ntxiv:Tsunami txaus ntshai rau cov chaw ntug dej hiav txwv 3.2.4 Kev ntsuam xyuas zaum kawg Muaj peev xwm tsim tsis sib haum: Seismic muaj peev xwm tsis txaus rau cov cheeb tsam Jakarta / Sumatra Kev tsim lub hauv paus yuav xav tau pawg hauv paus rau cov av tsis zoo Txhim khu kev tiv thaiv corrosion rau ntug dej hiav txwv tej yaam num Kev txiav txim zaum kawg: YUAV TSUM MODIFICATION (Qhov chaw nyob ntawm) Cua muaj peev xwm: ✓✓ Ntau tshaj qhov txaus Seismic: ✗ Yuav tsum tau hloov kho hauv siab - thaj chaw muaj kev pheej hmoo Kev Pom Zoo: Kev nce qib seismic rau Sumatra, Java, Bali; txwv tsis pub 3.3.1 Cua Load Sib Piv Tonga Building Code:Pacific Cyclonic Standard Tsim cua ceev:65-70 m/s(Qeb 4-5 cyclones) Cua siab: q=0.6 × 70²=2.94 kN/m² Kev sib piv:Tam sim no tsim (2.00 kN / m²) yog47% qis dua Cua Txiav Txim:INSUFFICIENT - cua muaj peev xwm yuav tsum tau upgrade 3.3.2 Kev sib piv Seismic Tonga Seismic Conditions: Nyob ntawm Tonga-Kermadec subduction cheeb tsam PGA: 0.25g - 0.35g Kev ua haujlwm seismic siab heev Kev sib piv:Tam sim no PGA (0.15g) qis dua Kev txiav txim Seismic:INSUFFICIENT - xav tau kev txhim kho loj 3.3.3 Kev txheeb xyuas huab cua & Corrosion Cyclone raug:Extreme (Qeb 4-5 txheej xwm) Seismic kev ua ub no:Ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws hauv Pacific Corrosion:Cov tshuaj ntsev hnyav heev, ib puag ncig marine Cua daj cua dub:Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm ntug hiav txwv dej nyab xeeb Av tej yam kev mob:Coral limestone, muaj peev xwm sib txawv 3.3.4 Kev ntsuam xyuas zaum kawg Muaj peev xwm tsim tsis sib haum: Cua load peev 47% qis dua Tonga yuav tsum Seismic muaj peev xwm 60-130% hauv qab no Ru tsev suction rog underestimated Kev sib txuas tsim tsis txaus rau cov xwm txheej hnyav Kev txiav txim zaum kawg: TSIS MUAJ IB QHOV CHAW UA HAUJ LWM AS -IS Cua muaj peev xwm: ✗ Yuav tsum tau hloov kho loj (+40-50%) Seismic: ✗ Yuav tsum tau hloov kho loj (+60%) Kev Pom Zoo: Ua kom tiav kev tsim kho tshiab rau Tonga daim ntawv thov; tam sim no tsim tsis tsim nyog yam tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb ntxiv dag zog 3.4.1 Cua Load Sib piv Chilean Code:NC 1537 ntawm . 2009 Tsim cua ceev:30-40 m/s(feem ntau thaj tsam) Cua siab: q=0.6 × 35²=0.74 kN/m² Kev sib piv:Tam sim no tsim yog170% siab dua Cua Txiav Txim:Cua muaj peev xwm ntau tshaj qhov txaus 3.4.2 Kev sib piv Seismic Chilean Seismic Code:NC433 Of.96 Mod.2009 PGA: 0.35g - 0.50g (Santiago thiab feem ntau cheeb tsam) Seismic Intensity: Zone 9 (siab tshaj) Ductility Requirements: nruj heev Kev sib piv:Tam sim no PGA (0.15g) yog 130-230% qis dua Kev txiav txim Seismic:TSEEM CEEB 3.4.3 Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Kev Nyab Xeeb & Corrosion Seismic:Ntiaj teb qhov siab tshaj seismicity (9.5M historic) Kev nyab xeeb ntau haiv neeg:Suab puam sab qaum teb, temperate central, Patagonia sab qab teb Snow load:Cov cheeb tsam yav qab teb xav tau cov daus daus (0.5-1.5 kN / m²) Corrosion:Cov ntug hiav txwv dej nruab nrab, hauv av qis Av:Hloov pauv, Santiago muaj peev xwm zoo 3.4.4 Kev ntsuam xyuas zaum kawg Muaj peev xwm tsim tsis sib haum: Seismic muaj peev xwm 130-230% hauv qab Chilean qauv Cov txheej txheem nthuav dav ntawm ductile tsis ua raws Daus load tsis xam rau yav qab teb cheeb tsam Moment kev sib txuas tsim xav tau kev txhim kho Kev txiav txim zaum kawg: TSIS MUAJ IB QHOV CHAW UA HAUJ LWM AS -IS Cua muaj peev xwm: ✓✓ Ntau tshaj qhov txaus Seismic: ✗✗ Kev tsis txaus siab hnyav - xav tau kev tsim kho dua tshiab Daus load: ✗ Tsis suav tias yog tus qauv tsim thawj Kev pom zoo: ua kom tiav seismic redesign yuav tsum tau; thav duab tam sim no tsis haum rau Chile qhov huab cua seismic ib puag ncig Thaj tsam Cua Load Seismic Load Daus Load Corrosion Risk Kev txiav txim zaum kawg New Caledonia ✓ Tsim nyog ✓ Tsim nyog N/A Nruab nrab Siv tau ncaj qha Philippines ✓ Tsim nyog ⚠ Txhim kho N/A Siab Yuav Tsum Hloov Kho Indonesia ✓ ✓ Ntau heev ⚠ Txhim kho N/A Siab Yuav Tsum Hloov Kho Tonga ✗ Tsis txaus ✗ Tsis txaus N/A Mob hnyav Tsis pom zoo Chile ✓ ✓ Ntau heev ✗✓ Mob hnyav ✗ Tsis muaj Nruab nrab Tsis pom zoo 4.1.1 Kev ntsuam xyuas muaj peev xwm ua kom zoo Tam sim no vs. Optimized Sections: Tus tswv cuab Ntu ntu tam sim no Kev Nyuaj Siab Optimized Ntu Txo qhov hnyav Sab Sab H750×250×6×10 0.78 H700×250×6×10 8.7% Rooj Beams H750-500×250×6×10 0.72 H700-475×220×6×8 12.4% Cua Kum H450×250×6×10 0.65 H400×200×6×8 18.2% Mezzanine Kab H300×200×6×8 0.68 H250×175×5×7 15.3% Mezzanine Beams H300×150×6×8 0.71 H275×150×5.5×7 9.1% 4.1.2 Kev ntsuas qhov hnyav Optimized Steel Consumption: Thawj lub ntsiab ncej hnyav: 55.28 tons Optimized lub ntsiab ncej hnyav:48,15 t Qhov hnyav tag nrho: 7.13 tons (12.9%) Cov khoom siv nyiaj txuag txhua xyoo: ~4,280USD 4.1.3 Optimization Constraints Serviceability txwv:Cov txheej txheem deflection yuav tsum tau khaws cia Buckling Length:Lateral bracing spacing cuam tshuam rau optimization Txheem ntu:Preference rau cov khoom uas muaj nyob rau hauv mills Kev sib txuas compatibility:Tswj kev sib txuas tus qauv 4.2.1 Kem Spacing Optimization Tam sim no: 6.0m nrug Kev xaiv: 7.5m nrug bays txo: 5 → 4 bays Kem txo: 12 → 10 kab Purlin loj yuav tsum tau nce Net nyhav hloov: -3.5% Kev pom zoo:TSEEM CEEB - txo lub sijhawm erection 4.2.2 Bracing System Txhim Kho Tam sim no Tsim: Tsis muaj kev qhia tshwj xeeb bracing system Optimized Bracing Cov Lus Pom Zoo: Longitudinal bracing:X-Bracing ntawm qhov kawg bays (ru tsev theem) Kem bracing:Intermediate bracing ntawm 4.5m elevation Kab rov tav diaphragm:Ru tsev bracing ntawm purlin theem Cov txiaj ntsig:Txo qhov ntev zoo, txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg, tso cai rau seem ntxiv kom zoo dua 4.2.3 Mezzanine Structural Optimization Tam sim no: 3- zaj dab neeg H-ncej Optimization 1:Siv cov khoom txias- ua ntu rau cov kab nruab nrab (-8% qhov hnyav) Optimization 2:Composite pem teb slab tsim (-15% beam hnyav) Optimization 3:Truss configuration rau ntev spans (-12% luj) Combined mezzanine txuag: 10-15% 4.3.1 Cov khoom siv kom zoo Steel Qib Optimization: Tam sim no: Q235 / ASTM A36 (fy{2}} MPa) Hloov kho rau: Q355 / ASTM A572 Gr.50 (fy=355 MPa) Ntu txo qhov peev xwm:20-25% Cov txiaj ntsig tau txais txiaj ntsig: +10-15% (cov khoom siv them nqi them los ntawm kev txuag nyiaj) Kev tiv thaiv corrosion: Txheem: Kub-dip galvanizing Lwm txoj kev: High - txheej txheej txheej txheem Kev txuag nyiaj: 15-20%rau tsis yog- thaj chaw ntug hiav txwv 4.3.2 Fabrication & Erection Efficiency Kev sib txuas Standardization: Txo cov hom kev sib txuas ntawm 8 mus rau 4 Fabrication efficiency txhim kho:25% Modular Assembly: Ua ntej- sib sau cov kab hluav taws xob ru tsev Erection lub sij hawm txo:30% Field welding tshem tawm:100% Base Phaj Optimization: Standardized thauj tog rau nkoj bolt qauv Txo lub hauv paus complexity 4.3.3 Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Tus Nqi Lub Neej Kev ua kom zoo Tus nqi peev Tus nqi kho mob Txoj Kev Pabcuam Lub Neej Qib nce qib +5% -10% +18% NPV Bracing system +3% -5% +12% NPV Composite pem teb +8% 0% +22% NPV Optimization qeb Txo qhov hnyav Kev siv yooj yim Tus nqi cuam tshuam Cov tswv cuab seem optimization 12.9% Tsawg -12.9% Kab sib nrug nce 3.5% Nruab nrab -3.5% Kev hloov kho steel qib (Q355) 22.0% Nruab nrab -10.0% Mezzanine optimization 10.0% Tsawg -8.0% Bracing system txhim khu kev qha 5.0% Tsawg +2.0% MAXIMUM POTENTIAL 35-40% -25 rau -30% Tswv yim Optimization Target (conservative): 20% tag nrho qhov hnyav txo 15% tag nrho cov nqi txo Khaws txhua yam kev nyab xeeb> 1.4 Ua tau raws li tag nrho cov cai cai rau New Caledonia Structure Performance:Cov qauv tsim tam sim no txaus siab rau New Caledonia cov cai hauv tsev nrog kev ntxhov siab piv 0.65-0.78 thiab kev tswj kom txaus deflection. Kev siv steel:Tag nrho lub ntsiab ncej steel noj =60,81m ua(90.9 kg / m²), suav nrog kev them nyiaj sib txuas. Kev siv hauv cheeb tsam: New Caledonia: Siv tau ncaj qha Philippines/Indonesia: Yuav tsum tau hloov kho seismic Tonga/Chile: Tsis pom zoo raws li -yog, xav kom rov tsim dua tshiab Optimization muaj peev xwm: 20-35% poob phausua tiav los ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua ntu, hloov kho qib steel, thiab kev txhim kho layout thaum tswj cov qauv kev nyab xeeb. Cov lus pom zoo Ua kom zoo dua ntu rau New Caledonia cov haujlwm kom ua tiav 12.9% qhov hnyav Hloov mus rau Q355 steel qib rau tus nqi siab tshaj plaws -kev ua tau zoo Ntxiv cov txheej txheem bracing meej los txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg thiab ua kom zoo dua ntxiv Rau cov phiaj xwm xa tawm hauv cheeb tsam, ua qhov chaw nyob -cov cai tshwj xeeb validation ua ntej fabrication
2. STEEL CONSUMPTION XAIV
2.1 H-Section Chav ntsuas qhov hnyav
2.2 Tus tswv cuab kom muaj nuj nqis (Lub ntsiab ncej nkaus xwb)
2.3 Cov ntsiab lus ntawm Kev Siv Khoom Siv Hlau
3. REGIONAL APPLICABILITY analysis
3.1 Philippines
3.2 INDONESIA UA
3.3 TSI
3.4 TSI
3.5 Regional Applicability Summary Matrix
4. SRUCTURAL OPTIMIZATION analysis
4.1 Kev Txhim Kho Cov Tswv Cuab
4.2 Kev Txhim Kho Cov Txheej Txheem Zoo
4.3 Tus nqi -Kev Txhim Kho Kev Ua Haujlwm
4.4 Cov ntsiab lus txo qhov hnyav
Cov kev tshawb pom tseem ceeb
Koj Tseem Yuav Zoo Li
Xa kev nug
