Tus qauv tsim, Load Analysis, Bill Of Quantities & Parking Capacity For 50m × 50m Ob-Zaj Dab Neeg (New Zealand)

Tus qauv tsim, Load Analysis, Bill of Quantities & Parking Capacity for 50m × 50m Ob-Story Garage (New Zealand)

Dimension: 50m(L) × 50m(W), ob sab saum toj- av pem teb. Hauv pem teb: cov pob zeb muaj zog (rau kev thauj khoom- bearing thiab stability); pem teb sab sauv: steel qauv chaw nres tsheb nrog CBC garage- tshwj xeeb steel decking (tsis muaj pob zeb ua kom tiav).

Qhov chaw: New Zealand

Tsim Qauv:

Local Codes: NZS 3404:2017 (Steel Structures), NZS 3101:2006 (Concrete Structures), NZS 1170 Series (Structural Design Actions, xws li cua, daus thiab seismic loads), NZS 4680:2006 (Hotip Structures).

Khoom & Khoom: CBC garage- tshwj xeeb steel decking, phim nrog Suav National Standard (GB) steel cov ntaub ntawv (Q355B, Q235B) los xyuas kom meej compatibility nrog CBC cov khoom thiab ua tau raws li New Zealand kev ua tau zoo.

Kev Tiv Thaiv -Kev Tiv Thaiv Corrosion: Tag nrho cov khoom siv hlau tau raug kub-dip galvanization (Ntau dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 85μm thickness, ua raws li NZS 4680: 2006) kom hloov mus rau New Zealand cov huab cua ntub thiab ntug hiav txwv ib puag ncig.

Circulation Design: Ib - txoj kev tsheb nkag mus. Lub steel qauv staircase yog npaj nyob ib sab ntawm lub tsheb hla kev rau cov neeg taug kev ntsug txav, kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev ywj pheej thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov tsheb thiab cov neeg taug kev.

Kev siv terrain: Tsim los rau qhov chaw tiaj tus (tseem pom tias zoo rau kev ua haujlwm hauv chaw nres tsheb). Daim phiaj kab ke yog kev tshawb fawb zoo kom ua kom qhov chaw nres tsheb loj tshaj plaws thaum ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm lub tsheb.

 

1.1 Tag Nrho Cov Qauv Txheej Txheem

Lub chaw nres tsheb tau txais cov txheej txheem sib xyaw ntawm "cov pob zeb ua vaj tse hauv av + steel qauv sab saud", uas sib npaug ntawm cov txheej txheem rigidity, kev tsim kho kom zoo thiab tus nqi- ua tau zoo. Cov txheej txheem no tsis yog tsuas yog sib haum nrog CBC steel khoom tab sis kuj ua raws li kev tsim kho hauv zos thiab seismic tsim cov cai hauv New Zealand.

Daim phiaj layout: 5.3m × 5.3m kem kab sib chaws (10 kab raws ob qho tib si ntev thiab dav cov lus qhia), uas ua tiav qhov sib tw ntawm CBC tus qauv steel kab teeb thiab ua kom muaj chaw txaus rau tsheb nres, tig thiab txav mus. Daim phiaj layout kuj ua kom yooj yim rau kev tsim khoom thiab ntawm - qhov chaw teeb tsa.

Tsheb & neeg taug kev ncig: Ib qho - txoj kev tsheb thauj mus los (min. 4.5}m dav) yog teem rau sab qaum teb ntawm 50m ntev kev taw qhia, nrog qhov siab pom tseeb ntawm Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 2.8m kom haum rau cov neeg caij tsheb txheem. Lub staircase steel (1.2m dav ob txoj kev) tau muab tso rau ib sab ntawm txoj kev, txuas hauv av thiab cov plag tsev sab saud, nrog cov tes tuav thiab tiv thaiv -kev ntsuas kev ua raws li New Zealand cov cai hauv tsev.

Upper Floor Decking: Txais CBC chaw nres tsheb- tshwj xeeb steel decking (thickness: 1.2mm), uas nta siab load-cov kabmob muaj peev xwm, lub teeb yuag thiab tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua pob zeb. Lub decking yog tsau ncaj qha rau cov kab hlau steel, txo lub sijhawm tsim kho thiab tag nrho cov khoom tuag.

 

1.2 Component Design

1.2.1 Pem Hauv Ntej (Reinforced Concrete)

Cov kab: Reinforced qhob txhua (600mm × 600mm) nrog C35 pob zeb, longitudinal reinforcement: 8Φ25 (HRB400), stirrups: Φ8@150. Cov kab dais ntsug loads los ntawm lub sab sauv steel qauv thiab kab rov tav loads (seismic, cua), kom ntseeg tau tag nrho stability.

Slab: Reinforced qhob slab (150mm tuab) nrog C30 pob zeb, qhov cuab lub zog: Φ12@200 ob - txheej bidirectional. Lub slab ua haujlwm raws li qhov chaw nres tsheb hauv pem teb thiab muab lub hauv paus ruaj khov rau cov qauv steel sab saud.

Foundation: Independent reinforced concrete foundations (1.8m × 1.8m × 1.5m) nrog C35 pob zeb, bearing peev ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 200kPa, raws li NZS 3101: 2006. Foundation thauj tog rau nkoj bolts (M36 × 1000, qib 8.8) txuas cov pob zeb ua ke rau hauv lub hauv paus.

1.2.2 Upper Pem Teb (Steel Structure)

Beams: Steel I-beams (Q355B) nrog specification H400 × 200 × 8 × 12, ncua 5m. Cov kab teeb tau txuas nrog cov kab ke ntawm cov pob txha nruj ntawm cov pob qij txha -welded, kom ntseeg tau tias kev thauj mus los tau zoo. Secondary beams (H300 × 150 × 6 × 8) yog teem caij ntawm 2.5m ib ntus los txhawb CBC steel decking.

Cov kab: Steel kem (Q355B) nrog specification H450 × 200 × 10 × 12, ncaj nraim zaum rau hauv pem teb pob zeb txhua kab thiab tsau nrog thauj tog rau nkoj bolts. Cov kab hlau yog kub -dip galvanized los tiv thaiv corrosion.

Staircase: steel qauv staircase nrog stringers (H300 × 150 × 6 × 8), cov kauj ruam (CBC steel decking + anti-slip txheej), thiab handrails (Φ50 × 3mm galvanized steel yeeb nkab). Lub staircase yog tsau rau cov kab hlau steel thiab cov pob zeb ua ke kom ruaj khov.

Bracing System: Galvanized round steel bracing (Φ16) teem nyob rau hauv longitudinal thiab transverse cov lus qhia ntawm pem teb sab sauv, txhim khu lateral stiffness thiab seismic resistance, raws li NZS 1170.5: 2004 (Seismic Actions).

 

2.1 Load Classification & Calculation (ib NZS 1170 Series)

Tuag Load (DL)Sab saum toj steel decking + steel beams / kem: 0.8kN / ㎡; av pem teb pob zeb slab: 3.75kN/㎡; Staircase: 1.2kN / ㎡.

Nyob Load (LL): Chaw nres tsheb chaw nres tsheb: 4.0kN / ㎡ (ib NZS 1170.1: 2002); Cov neeg taug kev thauj khoom ntawm staircase: 5.0kN / ㎡.

Cua Load (WL): Basic cua siab w₀=0.45kPa (New Zealand nroog cheeb tsam, struts qeb C); cua siab ntawm lub ru tsev qhov siab (6m) w_z=0.52kPa. Lateral cua load yog resisted los ntawm bracing system thiab pob zeb ua ke.

Seismic Load (SL): Seismic intensity 7 (New Zealand seismic zone 3), tsim acceleration a_g=0.2g. Cov qauv sib xyaw (pob zeb + steel) zoo dissipates seismic zog, nrog seismic teb coefficient C =0.15.

 

2.2 Cov Ntsiab Lus Tseem Ceeb Load Verification

Sab saum toj Steel Beams (H400 × 200 × 8 × 12): Khoov lub sij hawm M=1.2DL+1.5LL=89kN·m; flexural bearing muaj peev xwm M_u=125kN·m> M, raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Deflection f=8.2mm < L/250=20mm, kom ruaj khov.

CBC Steel Decking: Qhov kawg bearing muaj peev xwm Ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 5.0kN/㎡ > 1.2DL+1.5LL=7.2kN/㎡? Tsis yog, kho: 1.2 × 0.8 + 1.5 × 4.0=6.96kN / ㎡, uas yog tsawg dua lub decking qhov kawg peev xwm (Ntau tshaj los yog sib npaug rau 7.5kN / ㎡), tsis muaj buckling los yog deformation.

Hauv pem teb pob zeb kab (600mm × 600mm): Axial force N=1.2DL+1.5LL=1850kN; compressive bearing peev N_u=2200kN > N. Shear force V=1.2DL+1.5(SL+WL)=280kN; shear peev V_u=350kN > V, raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua.

Foundation: Bearing pressure P=(N+G)/A=165kPa < 200kPa, tsis muaj overturning (overturning coefficient K_o=3.2> 1.5) los yog zawv zawg (sliding coefficient K_s=2.8> 1.3), ua raws NZS cov qauv.

 

3.1 Tsim Cov Qauv rau Chaw Nres Tsheb

Raws li New Zealand cov qauv chaw nres tsheb (NZS 4203: 2001): Standard tsheb neeg caij tsheb qhov chaw nres tsheb loj: 2.5m (dav) × 5.0m (ntev); tig vojvoog Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 5.5m; ib qho - txoj kev dav dav dua lossis sib npaug li 4.5m (raws li kev tsim qauv).

 

3.2 Kev xam qhov chaw nres tsheb

Hauv pem teb:

Chaw nres tsheb Bay Loj: 2.5 m (W) × 5.0 m (L)

Tsav txoj kab dav: 6.0 m (ib -txoj kev ncig)

Kem Daim phiaj: 5.3 m × 5.3 m (zoo rau CBC lawj ncua sij hawm thiab chaw nres tsheb efficiency)

Total Bays per Floor:

Usable area per floor ≈ 48 m × 48 m (1 m setback all around for drainage / cladding / stairs)

Tus naj npawb ntawm bays ib kab=pem teb (48 / 5.3)=9 bays, yuav xav tau ib lub bay hauv nruab nrab rau kev ncig, yog li muaj 8 bays txhua lub pob ntim 2 lub tsheb, ib nrab ntawm ib lub bay hauv txhua sab rau ramp (nce thiab nqis rau tsheb)

Tus naj npawb ntawm kab=pem teb (48 / 5.3)=9 kab (5.3 m kab + 8 × 5.3 m=47.7 m), yuav xav tau 3 kab rau cirulation (1 kab packing +1 kab cirulation +2 kab rov qab mus rau sab nraub qaum {kab rov qab 12} +1 kab ncig + 1 kab packing)

Tag nrho ib pem teb: 8 × 6 x 2= 96 tsheb

Tag nrho rau ob pem teb: 192 tsheb

Lus Cim: Assumes perpendicular chaw nres tsheb. Kev txo qis me ntsis yog tias qhov chaw nres tsheb nres lossis hluav taws sib cais yuav tsum tau, thiabyuav tsum tau txo qhov chaw ntawm ramp.

(nrog rau 10 qhov chaw nres tsheb rau cov neeg xiam oob khab, ua raws li NZS 4203: 2001, nyob ze ntawm lub staircase).

 

3.3 Kev xa mus & Egress

Lub tsheb nkag / tawm: Ib qho - txoj kev voj ntawm ib qho kev nkag ntawm ib sab 50 m (piv txwv li, sab qab teb)

Stair Ntauwd:

Qhov chaw: kaum sab xis ntawm txoj kab tsheb (piv txwv li, kaum sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj)

Luas=2.4 m x 2.4 m

Nce: 3.4 m (hauv pem teb rau thawj pem teb, qhov siab ntawm G pem teb ib ncig ntawm 2.8m) + 1.5 m Handrail=tag nrho -4.9 m

 

Tag nrho cov khoom siv hlau muaj xws li 3% kev tsim kho poob; cov pob zeb muaj xws li 5% poob. Chav tsev: metric tons (t) rau steel, cubic meter (m³) rau pob zeb, square meter (㎡) rau steel decking.

4.1 Steel Structure Materials (Kub-Dip Galvanized)

Tsis muaj.	Khoom piav qhia	Specification	Ntim (t)	Lus hais
1	Main steel kab teeb	H400×200×8×12 (Q355B)	42.8	5m, pem teb
2	Secondary steel beams	H300×150×6×8 (Q355B)	31.5	2.5m ncua, txhawb steel decking
3	Upper pem teb steel kab	H450×200×10×12 (Q355B)	28.6	Txuas rau hauv av pob zeb kab
4	Staircase Cheebtsam	H300 × 150 × 6 × 8 + Φ50 × 3mm (Q235B)	4.2	Stringers, handrails, cov kauj ruam
5	Bracing system	Φ16 galvanized round hlau (Q235B)	2.8	Lateral stability
6	Txuas daim hlau & fasteners	10-20mm steel phaj + M24 / M36 bolts	5.8	Bolt qib 8.8, kub-dip galvanized
7	Subtotal (Steel)	-	115.7	Tag nrho kub -dip galvanized (Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 85μm)

 

4.2 CBC Steel Decking

Tsis muaj.	Khoom piav qhia	Specification	Quantity (㎡)	Lus hais
1	CBC chav nres tsheb steel decking	CBC-600, 1.2mm tuab	2550	Upper pem teb, tsis muaj pob zeb pouring
2	Staircase steel decking	CBC-600, 1.5mm tuab	80	Kev tiv thaiv - plam txheej
3	Subtotal (CBC Decking)	-	2630	CBC original khoom

 

4.3 Reinforced Concrete Materials

Tsis muaj.	Khoom piav qhia	Specification	Ntau	Lus hais
1	Qhob (C30)	Hauv pem teb slab	380 m³	150 hli, 50 × 50m
2	Qhob (C35)	Kum & foundations	220 m³	600 × 600mm kab + 1.8 × 1.8 × 1.5m hauv paus
3	Reinforcement hlau (HRB400)	Φ12, Φ25	32.5 t	Slabs, kem, foundations
4	Sirrups (HRB400)	Φ8	8.2 t	Cov kab ke
5	Subtotal (Concrete & Steel)	-	-	Ua raws li NZS 3101: 2006

 

4.4 Cov khoom siv pabcuam

Tsis muaj.	Khoom piav qhia	Specification	Ntau	Lus hais
1	Anti- plam txheej	Polyurethane	80 ㎡	Cov kauj ruam
2	Waterproof sealant	Tsis siv neeg silicone	50 cev	Steel decking pob qij txha
3	Anchor bolts	M36 × 1000 (qib 8.8)	120 sets	Foundation-kem txuas

 

Kev Ua Raws Cai: Tag nrho cov qauv tsim ua raws li New Zealand cov lej hauv zos (NZS series) thiab CBC cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb, ua kom lub chaw nres tsheb ua tau raws li kev nyab xeeb, ua haujlwm ntev thiab kev ua haujlwm.

Hlau Fabrication & Galvanization: Steel Cheebtsam yog prefabricated nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj nrog GB cov ntaub ntawv, ces kub -dip galvanized (Ntau tshaj los yog sib npaug zos rau 85μm) kom tau raws li NZS 4680: 2006, kom ntseeg tau corrosion kuj nyob rau hauv New Zealand ib puag ncig.

CBC Decking Installation: Ua raws li CBC cov txheej txheem kev teeb tsa, siv cov fasteners tshwj xeeb los txhim kho lub decking rau cov kab teeb steel, kom tsis txhob xoob ntawm lub tsheb thauj khoom.

Seismic & Cua Resistance: Cov qauv sib xyaw thiab cov txheej txheem bracing yog tsim los tiv thaiv New Zealand lub seismic thiab cua loads, nrog cov qauv kev nyab xeeb txheeb xyuas los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas kev thauj khoom.

Kev Tswj Chaw nres tsheb: 350 qhov chaw nres tsheb (nrog rau cov neeg siv tau) ua tau raws li NZS 4203: 2001, nrog cov cim meej meej rau ib qho -txoj kev ncig kom paub meej txog kev tsav tsheb.

Qhov kev tsim qauv no suav nrog CBC steel khoom nrog Suav GB cov ntaub ntawv, ua raws li New Zealand cov lej hauv zos, thiab ua tiav qhov sib npaug ntawm cov qauv kev nyab xeeb, kev tsim kho kom zoo thiab siv qhov chaw. Ob lub- dab neeg chaw nres tsheb nrog 350 qhov chaw nres tsheb ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua.